US Politics & Courts: The Supreme Court let stand a $5 million civil verdict against President Trump in the E. Jean Carroll case, rejecting his appeal. Executive Power: In a separate ruling, the court upheld President Trump’s ability to fire officials at independent agencies, further reshaping the balance between presidents and independent regulators. International Diplomacy: Iran’s President Pezeshkian defended the US-Iran MoU and said the negotiating team had Supreme Leader backing, while Lebanon’s President Aoun discussed army roles after a US-brokered framework agreement with Israel. Parliament & Constitutional Change: Senegal’s National Assembly passed a constitutional reform shifting power toward parliament and the prime minister, with a national referendum now set. Elections & Campaigning Rules: Serbia’s BIRODI accused President Vučić of using presidential office to campaign for parliamentary elections not yet scheduled. India Opposition Tensions: UP Congress leader Ajay Rai alleged he was detained/placed under house arrest in Ayodhya ahead of a Ram Mandir visit amid a donation row. Economic Policy: Trump signed a proclamation temporarily suspending countervailing duties on phosphate fertilizer imports, aiming to cut costs for US farmers. Regional Governance: Kazakhstan’s new constitution takes effect, creating a vice-president role and requiring a snap election for a smaller parliament.